Digital Signature vs Electronic Signature under Indian Law

An in-depth legal and technical comparison between DSC (USB token) and Aadhaar-based e-signatures under the IT Act 2000.

Digital Signature vs Electronic Signature under Indian Law

Under the Information Technology Act 2000, all digital signatures are electronic signatures, but not all electronic signatures qualify as digital signatures. A **Digital Signature** refers specifically to a cryptographic signature verified by an authorized Certifying Authority (CA), whereas an **Electronic Signature** can include Aadhaar-based OTP signatures, biometric signings, or digital handdrawn marks.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are Aadhaar e-signatures legally valid?
Yes, Aadhaar-based e-signatures are legally valid under the IT Act 2000 for standard contracts, but are not accepted on certain government portals like MCA.

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